Flutter 3.44 与 Google I/O 2026 同步发布。我在周末升级项目，遇到不少坑。下面整理经验，帮助准备升级的同学快速上手。

为什么我要升级

我的项目嵌入了地图、WebView、支付 SDK 等原生 Android 视图。使用默认的 Platform Views 渲染时滑动会出现画面撕裂、触摸延迟，甚至某些设备 WebView 会闪烁。经过半年的 issue 追踪，我终于看到 Flutter 3.44 推出了Hybrid Composition++据说可以解决掉这些渲染问题。再加上 Dart 1.12 的私有命名参数特性，我决定尝试升级。

过程概览

项目原本已跨多个 Flutter 大版本。我先执行的观点是，

flutter upgrade
flutter --version # 查看当前版本

接下来修改 pubspec.yaml 的环境约束：

environment:
sdk的观点是。'>=1.x.x <=2.x.x'
  flutter: '>=1.x.x'

运行 flutter pub get 时发现 fl_chart 版本过低不兼容，于是把它升级到 ^0.x。这一步没踩坑，

. AGP：第一个大坑

后直接跑 Android 编译报错：

Execution failed for task ':app:compileDebugKotlin'. Duplicate kotlin plugin applied

原因是 Flutter 3.44 内置了 AGP 并自带 Kotlin 支持。而我项目的 /android/build.gradle 手动添加了 Kotlin Gradle Plugin，导致冲突。

• 方法：
• 删除手动添加的 Kotlin 插件：

  // android/build.gradle
  // 删除以下行
  // classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
  

• 在 /android/app/build.gradle 中删掉：

  // apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
  

•     插件开发者注意：  如果你维护的是插件而不是应用。还需在 pubspec.yaml 设置最低 Flutter 版本为 ≥3，以免插件使用者在更新后建立失败。

  environment:
  flutter: ">=3.x"
  

• I spent nearly two hours hunting this issue because official migration guide was buried deep.

. HCPP：确实香，但也有坑

Aggressive composition is a game changer but not all devices support it.

Lifting HCPP on supported devices

Add following meta‑data in /android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml。or enable via command line:

Cli alternative:

flutter run --enable-hcpp

Pain point – Device incompatibility

• The HCPP requires a minimum API level and specific hardware support.
• I tested on an old Android 10 device – after enabling HCPP native view went black.
• This limitation was documented but easy to miss.

Coping strategy – graceful fallback by API level check in Dart:

#import 'package:flutter/services.dart';

Future _getAndroidSdkInt async { if return null;final info = await DeviceInfoPlugin.androidInfo;return info.version.sdkInt;话说回来，}

void main async { WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized;final sdkInt = await _getAndroidSdkInt;if { // HCPP already enabled via Manifest,no extra action needed. } else { debugPrint; // Do not set EnableHcpp meta-data or use fallback logic. } runApp);} html

. Swift Package Manager：iOS端的小坑

The biggest iOS change in Flutter 3.44 is that SPM replaces CocoaPods as default package manager。and CLI automatically migrates your XCode project.

• Your project still uses a third‑party push SDK that depends on CocoaPods.

CocoaPods is in maintenance mode. Plugin xxx does not support Swift Package Manager yet. Falling back to CocoaPods for this plugin.

It builds successfully but means you now have two dependency managers in play—an ugly long‑term maintenance headache.

If you’re a plugin author:  adapt your SDK to SPM as soon as possible before CocoaPods is fully deprecated.

If you’re just consuming plugins,you can ignore until your dependencies update.

. Dart：私有命名参数真的香

Dart 1.12 introduced private named parameters—a clean way to expose public constructors while keeping fields private.