上一篇我们介绍了为什么要学习 Rust，还有 Rust 的使用场景。

从这一篇开始，我们正式进入 Rust 的学习之旅。

在开始编写 Rust 程序之前，需要搭建开发环境。Rust 官方提供了统一的安装工具。无论是 Windows、macOS 还是 Linux，安装方式都比较简单。

Rust 官方推荐安装方式

Rust 官方推荐使用 rustup 来安装和管理 Rust。

rustup 是官方提供的工具，它不光可以安装 Rust。还可以：

• 安装最新稳定版 Rust
• 安装 Nightly
• 安装 Beta 版本
• 管理多个 Rust 版本
• 更新 Rust
• 卸载 Rust
• 安装不同目标网站

相比手动下载安装包，使用 rustup 更方便，也更适合日常开发。 按理说，

Windows 安装 Rust

说到第一步先。下载安装程序

Pain point：很多 Windows 使用者在下载后找不到执行文件或误以为需要管理员权限才能运行。

1. 从访问官方页面来看，
2. 下载完成后双击运行 rustup-init.exe

rustup-init.exe
)

安装界面通常会显示：

) Proceed with standard installation
) Customize installation
) Cancel installation

直接回车确认，即可开始：

• 安装 Rust 编译器
• 安装 Cargo 包管理器
• 配置程序环境变量。使其在任意终端可用
• 下载并部署标准库

The whole process usually finishes within a few minutes.

说到接下来，验证安装

rustc --version

If you see something like:

rustc 1.xx.x

Pain point：If you get “'rustc' is not recognized…”,environment variable didn’t take effect. Close and reopen terminal or run:

setx PATH "%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin;%PATH%"
refreshenv

You can also verify Cargo:

cargo --version
# e.g.,cargo 1.xx.x

The same toolchain manager—rustup—is recommended on macOS.

Straightforward one‑liner install

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

The script will ask:

) Proceed with standard installation
) Customize installation
) Cancel installation
Enter your choice :

Select default . After download finishes。follow on‑screen hint:

source "$HOME/.cargo/env"
# or simply close and reopen Terminal

Pain point: Apple Silicon

• No extra configuration required—Rust already ships native ARM64 binaries.
• You can confirm architecture with:

uname -m # should print arm64 on M‑series chips

验证是否成功

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Verify Installation

bash

Check rust version

Verify if you installed rust successfully:

• cargo command works.
• rustc version shows.
• You have a Cargo.toml.

If you get any errors check your shell path env variable:

echo $PATH should include $HOME/.cargo/bin. If not add this line to your .bashrc,.zshrc,or .profile:

bash export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"

Then source it:

bash source ~/.zshrc # or whichever config file you're using.

After that re-run rustc --version. It should work now.

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Now you're ready!

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• The above steps are standard across all three OSes,just adjust for OS-specific details.

TL;DR

• Install via rustup.
• Verify via rustc --version and cargo --version.
• Resolve environment variable issues if any.

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