org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;

import

org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository

public

com.example.demo.service;import

com.example.demo.mapper.StockMapper;

import

org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import

org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;

import

org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import

库存服务：嵌套子事务（NESTED）*

LoggerFactory.getLogger(StockService.class);@Resourceprivate

StockMapper

扣减库存：NESTED嵌套子事务*/@Transactional(propagation

void

stockMapper.deductStock(productId,

num);if

com.example.demo.service;import

import

com.example.demo.mapper.OrderMapper;

import

org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import

org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;

import

org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import

import

LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderService.class);@Resourceprivate

OrderMapper

购买数量（故意传10，触发库存不足）*/@Transactional(propagation

rollbackFor

UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,

32);order.setOrderNo(orderNo);order.setProductId(productId);order.setAmount(BigDecimal.valueOf(99.99

buyNum));order.setStatus("CREATED");orderMapper.insertOrder(order);log.info("外层事务：订单{}创建成功（基础信息已保存）",

orderNo);//

{stockService.deductStock(productId,

buyNum);}

外层事务继续执行log.info("外层事务：库存扣减失败，仅回滚子事务，订单基础信息保留");}log.info("=====

外层事务提交：订单基础信息保存成功

com.example.demo.service.OrderService;

import

org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import

javax.annotation.Resource;@SpringBootTest

public

测试：库存不足（子事务回滚），订单基础信息保留@Testpublic

void

商品ID=1（库存=5），购买数量=10（库存不足，触发子事务异常）String

orderNo

10);log.info("最终结果：订单{}创建成功（库存扣减失败）",

orderNo);}//

购买数量=2（库存充足，子事务执行成功），但外层主动抛异常orderService.createOrderWithOuterException(1L,

2);}

createOrderWithOuterException(Long

productId,

UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,

32);order.setOrderNo(orderNo);order.setProductId(productId);order.setAmount(BigDecimal.valueOf(99.99

buyNum));order.setStatus("CREATED");orderMapper.insertOrder(order);//

调用NESTED库存扣减（成功）stockService.deductStock(productId,

buyNum);//

RuntimeException("外层业务异常，触发整体回滚");

子事务也被回滚（保存点机制下，外层回滚会覆盖所有子事务）。

“部分回滚”：比如下单流程（创建订单→扣减库存→扣减优惠券→生成物流单），某一步失败（如库存不足），仅回滚该步骤，保留已完成的核心步骤（订单基础信息）；

“分段提交”：比如批量导入数据，每

与

REQUIRED（共享事务、全回滚）、REQUIRES_NEW（独立事务、互不影响）形成互补，解决

“部分操作独立回滚”